Tuesday, April 29, 2025
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Choghadia

Choghadia

Choghadia is used to check the most auspicious time of the day.The Choghadia is a table which is based on the relative position of the heavenly bodies (the planets and the moon) over 24 hours of the day. It is used to check the time (day or night) which is auspicious and therefore best for performing puja, starting a journey, engagements and during special festivals etc.

Typically a Priest would provide similar information. Here’s translated Choghadia into English. Lhabh, Shubh and Amritare auspecious. Kal, Udveg and Rog are inauspicious.

        Day Time

Sun

Mon

Tue

Wed

Thur

Fri

Sat

Time

Udveg

Chal

Lhabh

Amrit

Kal

Shubh

Rog

Udveg

Amrit

Kal

Shubh

Rog

Udveg

Chal

Lhabh

Amrit

Rog

Udveg

Chal

Lhabh

Amrit

Kal

Shubh

Rog

Lhabh

Amrit

Kal

Shubh

Rog

Udveg

Chal

Lhabh

Shubh

Rog

Udveg

Chal

Lhabh

Amrit

Kal

Shubh

Chal

Lhabh

Amrit

Kal

Shubh

Rog

Udveg

Chal

Kal

Shubh

Rog

Udveg

Chal

Lhabh

Amrit

Kal

06:00 – 07:30

07:30 – 09:00

09:00 – 10:30

10:30 – 12:00

12:00 – 13:30

13:30 – 15:00

15:00 – 16:30

16:30 – 18:00

        Night Time

Shubh

Amrit

Chal

Rog

Kal

Lhabh

Udveg

Shubh

Chal

Rog

Kal

Lhabh

Udveg

Sh
ubh

Amrit

Chal

Kal

Lhabh

Udveg

Shubh

Amrit

Chal

Rog

Kal

Udveg

Shubh

Amrit

Chal

Rog

Kal

Lhabh

Udveg

Amrit

Chal

Rog

Kal

Lhabh

Udveg

Shubh

Amrit

Rog

Kal

Lhabh

Udveg

Shubh

Amrit

Chal

Rog

Lhabh

Udveg

Shubh

Amrit

Chal

Rog

Kal

Lhabh

18:00 – 19:30

19:30 – 21:00

21:00 – 22:30

22:30 – 24:00

24:00 – 01:30

01:30 – 03:00

03:00 – 04:30

04:30 – 06:00

Sati Shree Lirbai Mataji

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Sati Shree Lirbai Maa

The story of Sati Shree Lirbai Maa has been passed on from generation to generation for over two hundred years.

The story begins with Jeevan Modhwadia. He was from the Modhwada Gaam. Jeevan was well-known in Modhwada, however, people knew him for all the wrong reasons. People used to try and avoid him, and try not to catch his eye; if they did they used to shake with fear.

He was near the holy place of Parab; where he stole two bulls from the Patel. He then walked with the bulls, to Parab. Now, even though Jeevan was how he was- notorious, he always, without fail prayed to God in the evening. The Patel happened to go the holy place of Parab and he asked Sant Devidas if he had seen his bulls. Jeevan overheard the Patel saying this and became extremely agitated.  Whilst doing his mara, Jeevan prayed to God saying that he had never forgotten to remember the Divine Lord at any day. The Patel asked Sant Devidas again if he had seen his bulls. Sant Devidas replied saying that no-one goes to Parabh if they have been stealing- and if they do by chance-they will never do it again. The Patel asked Sant Devidas if he could go and have a look to see if his bulls were anywhere to be seen. Overhearing this, Jeevan Modhwadia started to worry, knowing that he was going to be caught any second now. The Patel had white bulls, and as Jeevan turned to look at them, they changed to a black colour! The bulls had suddenly changed colour just like Jeevan’s heart was about to…

The Patel approached Jeevan, where he was doing his prayers and noticed that the bulls Jeevan had, were similar to his. He went to Sant Devidas and told the Sant that the bulls looked alike to his, but they were a different colour.  The Patel later left and Jeevan started to cry. He couldn’t believe it! He approached Sant Devidas, as he has just finished his prayers and held his feet. In this space of time, Jeevan Modhwadia realised that Bhakti was the path that he wanted to take.

From that day on, Jeevan Modhwadia was known as Jeevan Bhagat. He stayed at the holy place of Parab for twelve years. He did a lot of ‘seva’ and Bhakti.

Then one day, Sant Devidas sat Jeevan Bhagat down and told him that he felt it was time for Jeevan Bhagat to go. He felt that Jeevan Bhagat had a calling to go. Jeevan Bhagat bowed to Sant Devidas and started to walk. He stopped at the Gaam of Vekadi. There, an Ahir family had a function. Jeevan stayed all night and sang Bhajans and Kirtans. The next morning, the Ahir’s daughter, Sonal, decided that she wanted to go with Jeevan Bhagat to Modhwada to do Bhakti. Son Bai’s parents weren’t sure. They didn’t want their daughter to go with an older man, by herself because people would talk. It wasn’t reputable for a girl to go with a single man by herself. Son Bai didn’t say anything and she went to the nearby well to fill some water. She came back and her fingers had divas on them, her tongue was all the way around her neck and the water carrier (Bedu) was three to four inches above her head. This was a parcho and Son Bai’s parents realised that she wasn’t an ordinary woman-but a Maha Sati.

They let her go and Jeevan Bhagat and Son Bai walked and walked until they got to Modhwada. As Jeevan Bhagat had come back to Modhwada after so many years, not many people recognised him. People started to talk. They gossiped saying that they couldn’t understand why Son Bai’s parents had let her go with a man by herself. They tried to look at Son Bai and their eyes started to hurt. There was some much glow and radiance on Son Bai’s face that they just couldn’t even glance at her. People realised that this woman wasn’t an ordinary woman. They also found that the man was Jeevan Bhagat, and everyone was surprised at how much he changed.

In Modhwada Padaar, near the ‘Bava Vaav’ they found a little hut and that is where both of them lived. As people recognised Son Bai’s ‘Shakti Roop’, they often came to their hut where they sang Bhajan and Kirtans and had Prasad.

Regularly, there came a seven year old girl. She used to go to the hut, to get water. There, she used to stay on and sing Bhajans, sweep the floor and help Son Bai and Jeevan Bhagat. She was the daughter of Lakhi and Luno Modhwadia- her name was Liri. Lir Bai enjoyed going to Jeevan Bhagat’s hut where she sang Bhajans until late in the night. Both Son Bai and Jeevan Bhagat were fond of her, and she was like a daughter to both of them. They were fond of her because she was interested in God at such a young age.

A few years later, when Lir Bai Maa grew older, Jetha Bhai Keshwala, from the nearby village of Keshav came and asked Luno Bhagat, if he wanted to give her daughter to their family. Luno Bhagat pondered and decided to ask only two people- Jeevan Bhagat and Son Bai. The next day, Luno Bhagat went and asked them. Son Bai replied saying that all girls should eventually get married, and it was now her time. They told Luno Bhagat that they should take Ramapir’s name and start preparing.

A year later, Lir Bai Maa got married to Vajshi Jetha Keshwala, from Keshav. As Lir Bai passed Son Bai’s hut, she bowed to her Guru’s and put her head on Son Bai’s lap and started crying. Son Bai reminded Lir Bai of her duties, now that she was a wife. She reminded her that she should always keep her parents respect and reputation in mind.

Being quite young and newly married, Vajshi Keshwala had a bad temper and got irritated regularly. He would often go out socialising, come home late and argue with Lir Bai Maa for no reason. Remembering what Son Bai had told her, Lir Bai put up with it as much as she could however, one day, she couldn’t bare it anymore. Getting her belongings, Lir Bai Maa went back to Modhwada, where she stayed at her parent’s house. Frequently visiting her Guru’s, she would sit there for hours singing Bhajan and Kirtans. Two months passed, and Lir Bai Maa still hadn’t come back. Vajshi Keshwala’s friends started to mock him saying that he couldn’t stand up to Jeevan Bhagat or Luno Bhagat. They told him that it was Son Bai and Jeevan Bhagat’s fault that Lir Bai had left. They told him that he should go immediately to Modhwada and confront everyone.

Angrily, Vajshi Keshwala got on his horse and rode up to Modhwada; he found out that Lir Bai Maa was at Jeevan Bhagat’s Hut and that made him angrier. Vajshi Keshwala listened in to the conversation that Son Bai and Lir Bai were having. Son Bai Maa told Liri Maa that a husband is like God and that she should go and return to Keshav as soon as possible.  She explains to Lir Bai Maa that she shouldn’t be staying at her parent’s house when she is married.

Vajshi overheard and realised that they weren’t trying to destroy their marriage, but to make it better. He walked in and started crying. Bowing down to Jeevan Bhagat and Son Bai, he apologises and asks for forgiveness.  Accepting his apology, Jeevan Bhagat tells Lir Bai and Vajshi Keshwala to go back to Keshav and do a Barporo Paath (Ramapir’s Paath) at Bij (2nd day of the month).  Returning to Keshav, he was now known as Vajshi Bhagat.

Now that Vajshi Bhagat had changed, he didn’t like eating meat or going out with his friends. Whenever anyone did anything wrong, he used to confront them and show them that Bhakti was the right way. Slowly, his friends stopped being his friends. Some decided to stay with Vajshi Bhagat and become Bhagats others carried on as they were. When Bij came, there was a Barporo Paath at Vajshi Bhagat’s house. Many people from Modhwada, Keshav and other villages nearby came to enjoy the Bhajans, which lasted for a few days…

Lir Bai Maa went on to have two boys, Punjo and Patho and a daughter called Puti. As a family, they would often sit and sing Bhajans, whenever people came to their house; they would make prasadi and made sure that everyone ate before they left.

On Maha Bij, Vikram Savant 1854, Jeevan Bhagat and Son Bai took their Samadhi in the Gaam of Modhwada. Invitations were sent out to Virpur, Satadhar and Parab. Lir Bai Maa and Vajshi Bhagat found it hard as did many of the people in Modhwada.

One day, Jeevan Bhagat became ill. Even though the people from Keshav advised him to take some medicine, Vajshi Bhagat disagreed. He felt that his time had come for him to take Samadhi. Liri Maa did not agree with this. She explained to Vajshi Bhagat that it was not right for him to go before her, as she is the wife, she should take Samadhi her first. Lir Bai Maa tells Bhagat that many women have died for their husbands and for Vajshi Bhagat to go first-it wouldn’t be right. The only way forward was for someone to give their life to him.

Sati Shree Lirbai Maa Mandir in Sisli

Sati Shree Lirbai Maa’s Mandir in village of Sisli

 

Contemplating this, the next morning, Puti Bai got some Tulsi leaves; water and incense gave it to Vajshi Bhagat and told him that she would give her life to him. She explained that Punjo and Patho were sons and that they would carry on the family name. Sati Puti Bai was ten years old when she gave her life to her dad. Her mandir and Samadhi is in Keshav. She is known as ‘Puti Sati Aai’.

Punjo and Patho got married to two sisters from the Gaam of Tukda. Now that their sons were grown-up and married, Lir Bai and Vajshi Bhagat gave all the responsibilities to them.

Wanting to take her Samadhi at Modhwada near her Guru’s, Lir Bai went and asked Vangha Patel if that was possible. Knowing that Lir Bai was a Devi, he carefully explained to Lir Bai, that he or the rest of the people in Modhwada couldn’t bear to see their daughter being buried in her home Gaam.

Without uttering a word, Lir Bai Maa returned to Keshav, where she felt that she wanted to leave Keshav and go to the village of Kandora. The people of Keshav were upset and they kept questioning the reason why Lir Bai Maa wanted to leave. Sati explained that she felt like Kandora was calling her and that it was in her destiny to go. Settling in Kandora, Liri Maa held a Barporo Paath, where Nathoo Bhagat from Kotri came; Natha Bhagat from Ratadi, Rajshi Bhagat from Nagka and Rudi Aai from Modhwada. Every Bij, Lir Bai Maa and Vajshi Bhagat held a Barporo Paath. They would sing Bhajans have prasadi.

The time came when Lir Bai Maa wanted to take her Samadhi. Her time had come and she knew that she had to go. Calling Natha Bhagat, Nathoo Bhagat, Rajshi Bhagat and Rudi Aai, as well as many others, Lir Bai Maa held her last Barporo Paath. Sati Shree Lir Bai Maa took her Samadhi on Maha Bij, Vikram Savant 1832.

Vajshi Bhagat took his Samadhi a year later.

There are many mandirs of Lir Bai Maa, which are in Modhwada, Keshav, Kotdi, Rana Kandorana, Sisli and Kinderkheda- to name a few. Not only was Lir Bai Maa a Maherani, but she was a Maha Sati that uplifted the Maher name and made the Maher Naat proud.

 

Written by Nisha Bhima Karavadra, Peterborough (UK)

Sumra Rajputs

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Maher Surnames

Maher Surnames

 

Vansh :  Chandravanshi
Kuldevi :  Shri Sikoter Maa, Chamunda Maa, Balvi Maai, Khandhal Maa
Father  :  Shankar Bapa
Mother :  Anjani
Guru    : Gorakhnaath, Vachradada, Patha Pir
Brahmin:  Joshi
Barot   :  Brahbhat
Gotra   :  Aashtang

The Odedras within the Mer community were originally known as Sumra Rajputs.

Approximately 10 miles south-east of Porbandar is the village of Odedar. This is the village the Odedras are named after. Originally, they were known as Soomra Rajputs.

Sumra Rajputs are found as far North as Chambal (Madhya Pradesh) to the Peninsula of Saurashtra. It is stated that when the Sumra Rajput Mers initially came into the present day India, they separated into two, one heading towards Saurashtra and the other to Madhya Pradesh.

The Sumras of the desert are one of the subdivisions of the Parmar Rajputs. Together with the Umras (another division of the Parmars) the area of Alor is still known as Umra-Sumra.

The history of this district is similar to that of other districts of the lower Sindh region. Most of the Thar Desert was occupied by Parmar Rajputs named Sodha. The land East from Chachro to Gadra was owned by the Rathores. Sumras controlled the portion of land West of Chachro

Col. James Todd is correct in saying that the Sumras are Rajputs and not of Arab descent at all. The reason for this is that the majority of the Sumras were converted to Islam and to be treated more highly claimed that they were Arab Muslims. The Odedras are descendants of Sumras who did not convert to Islam and came to Kathiyawar.

The Sumras Dynasty flourished in Sindh during Mohammed Bin-Qaseem’s invasion of India. He reported them as a powerful clan ruling lower Sindh. It is generally accepted that after the defeat of the Sumras at the hand of the Mohammedan invaders they migrated to Gujarat by foot and boat. The Sumras settled originally in the village of Odedar, hence the name Odedra. 

Article supplied by Kishan V Sisodia; edited by Ravi Odedra

 

Gujarati Newspapers Online

Gujarati Newspapers

Her are some of the popular gujarati news websites that provides latest news in guajrati.

Gujarat Samachar
www.gujaratsamachar.com
Free online news in Gujarati

www.indiapress.org/index.php/Gujarati/400×60
Gujarati Newspaper from Ahmedabad

www.sambhaav.com
Divya Bhaskar Gujarati News Paper Ahmedabad
www.divyabhaskar.co.in
SANDESH has the highest readership in Gujarat. This on-line Gujarati language newspaper has something of interest for every body in addition to providing news.

www.sandesh.com
Read on-line daily news in Gujarati focussed on Gujarat. There is audio feature also. Review of past news addtions is provided.
www.akilaindia.com/
Bombay Samachar

www.bombaysamachar.com/new/
This is a Gujarati newspaper where you can also listern to sloks from Bhagvad Gita.
www.gujarati-online.com/sub.html
This provides news about Kutch in Gujarat in English language. Has coverage of a variety of lifestyle topics.
www.panjokutch.com/
This is on-line newspaper providing news about Gujarat on some specific topics of current events.
www.gujaratindia.com/
An English language on-line information site if you want to know about Kutch in Gujarat.
www.kutchinfo.com/
Nobat Online – Gujarati Evening Daily

www.nobat.com/
Dainik Bhaskar

www.bhaskar.com/defaults/aboutus.php
JaihindDaily.com – a News Portal for Gujarati
www.jaihinddaily.com
Gujarati News
www.gujaratinews.com

Shrimad Bhagwat Katha

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Shrimad Bhagvat Katha

Shrimad Bhagvat Katha

The Shrimad Bhagwat is one of the most sacred books of the Hindus.

It gives a tremendous insight, a profound vision, and an entirely new perspective to the person who hears the narrative. On hearing, a person is never the same. There is a complete metamorphosis, a complete transformation, literally a new birth. Atman (soul) by it’s own nature is sovereign – it cannot by nature be bound – whatever bondages felt are sheer illusions of the mind. Shrimad Bhagwat provides that light which enables Jeeva (human being) to experience the wonderful freedom of liberation. One feels, “Yes, I am free!” Shrimad Bhagwat expresses this philosophy through the narration of the life stories of 24 incarnations of Lord Vishnu. Amongst these, the tenth volume of the Shrimad Bhagwat narrates in infinite detail, the story of Lord Krishna. Since all 24 incarnations are of Lord Vishnu, it is a vitally important scripture for the Vaishnavites.

Written by Sage Ved Vyasa the Bhagwat leaves no topic untouched – social, political, and economic systems – all these have been covered and commented upon by him. Not just issues relating to self-liberation but even our day-to-day problems have been effectively resolved in Shrimad Bhagwat. Hence it can be emphatically stated that Shrimad Bhagwat is an exposition, which explains human life very clearly, it is a direction leading to the ultimate liberation of the soul. It is therefore an important guide for the conduct of human beings in all their affairs.

Ordinarily, reading and listening to Shrimad Bhagwat is a week long Anushthan (a religious commitment), but even an entire lifetime may not be enough to understand it in depth and explain it to others. It is such a wonderful, sublime scripture but King Parikshit had only seven days to live and it is said that by listening to such a seven-day narration of Bhagwat Katha King Parikshit attained liberation! Not by death but by emancipation from ignorance and fear. Thus Shrimad Bhagwat liberates us from fear, problems, and ignorance. In essence, this is the crux of Shrimad Bhagwat. Content wise, it comprises three main dialogues or principal conversations – one that of Shukadevji and King Parikshit, second between Sutji and Shaunak and other Rishis at Naimisharanya and the third between Vidurji and Maitreya on the banks of the river Ganga. These three principal conversations convey the voluminous Bhagwat beginning and ending with the dialogue between Sutji and Shaunak and other Rishis.

This four quatrain (8 verses) of Bhagwat was voiced by Shri Narayan Bhagwan and heard by Brahmaji as narrated in the second volume. Brahmaji then narrated the same four verses (shlokas) to Narada who in turn conveyed to Sage Ved Vyasa but told him that this was only formularized, now expand it’s (Vyasa) purview. The seat from where such knowledge is expounded and explained in detail is called ‘Vyas Peetham’. For this very reason we call the narrator of Shrimad Bhagwat ‘Vyas’. It is more a qualitative noun than a personal noun. Thus Vyasa elaborated the four shlokas (verses) in 9000 verses spread over 335 chapters and 12 volumes. Then Bhagwan Ved Vyasa taught it to Shukhdeva, who then narrated it to King Parikshit. Sutjii in Namisharanya to Shaunaka and other Rishis conveys the same conversation. All the different periods of these separate conversations are mentioned in Shrimad Bhagwat.

The narration of Shrimad Bhagwat Katha is arranged for many reasons; raising funds to help medical institutions or provide medical relief to people affected by natural calamities, to fund and raise school/colleges and help rural development. But it is mainly arranged for the upliftment and welfare of the people and society, who, by listening to the katha would understand God and learn the way to reach him, helping inducing spiritual growth within themselves and most importantly becoming righteous and virtuous human beings. In the olden days it was primarily arranged when there was a death in the family. Amidst the encircling gloom of sadness and acute depression, the katha narration created a major transformation, bringing to a grief ridden family solace, comfort, equanimity and a philosophic vision. The Bhagwat Katha drew them out of their sorrow and removed them from their mourning. Therefore the Bhagwat Katha is described as “Shoka Moha Bhayapaha”, that which destroys attachment and consequently removes sorrow and fear. By listening to ‘Shrimad Bhagwat Katha’, devotion (Bhakti) pervades our heart and minds. This devotion destroys attachment, sorrow and fear from our minds. What is this devotion or ‘Bhakti’? It is nothing but love!

Love is a sublime experience. It moves and spreads in all directions and becomes universal. When love becomes unending, human beings attain sainthood. The body becomes a temple – and the heart a priest! Slowly, but surely Shrimad Bhagwat enables one to reach that stage. When universal love and devotion is attained, the sorrow, attachments and fear vanish. Sorrow or mourning is connected with the past; attachment is connected with the present and fear with the future. These are the three factors that disturb everyone. Mourning the past, attachment for the present, and fear or worry for the future. And who does not long for peace? Whether a person is a theist or an atheist, everyone longs for peace. Everyone wants joy. When these three dominant influences vanish, one becomes quiet and lucid.

It is not that Bhagwat Katha liberates the departed soul alone. It even frees surviving members from sorrow, attachment and fear. Thus liberation is in a wider concept. It is not as if one is liberated only after one dies. It can be experienced even during a person’s lifetime, now and here also. That is the teaching of Shrimad Bhagwat Katha.

Proud to be an Indian

Flag of India

 

Who is the co-founder of Sun Microsystems?
Vinod Khosla

 

Who is the creator of Pentium chip (needs no introduction as 90% of the today’s computers run on it)?
Vinod Dahm

 

Who is the third richest man on the world?
According to the latest report on Fortune Magazine, it is AZIM PREMJI, who is the CEO of Wipro Industries. The Sultan of Brunei is at 6th position now.

 

Who is the founder and creator of Hotmail (Hotmail is world’s No.1 web based email program)?
Sabeer Bhatia

 

Who is the president of AT & T-Bell Labs (AT & T-Bell Labs is the creator of program languages such as C, C++, Unix to name a few)?
Arun Netravalli

 

Who is the new MTD (Microsoft Testing Director) of Windows 2000, responsible to iron out all initial problems?
Sanjay Tejwrika

 

Who are the Chief Executives of CitiBank, Mckensey & Stanchart?
Victor Menezes, Rajat Gupta, and Rana Talwar.

 

We Indians are the wealthiest among all ethnic groups in America, even faring better than the whites and the natives. There are 3.22 millions of Indians in USA (1.5% of population). YET,
38% of doctors in USA are Indians.
12% scientists in USA are Indians.
36% of NASA scientists are Indians.
34% of Microsoft employees are Indians.
28% of IBM employees are Indians.
17% of INTEL scientists are Indians.
13% of XEROX employees are Indians.

 

You may know some of the following facts. These facts were recently published in a German magazine, which deals with WORLD HISTORY FACTS ABOUT INDIA.
01. India never invaded any country in her last 1000 years of history.
02. India invented the Number system. Aryabhatta invented ‘zero.’
03. The world’s first University was established in Takshila in 700BC. More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects. The University of Nalanda built in the 4th century BC was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.
04. According to the Forbes magazine, Sanskrit is the most suitable language for computer software.
05. Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to humans.
06. Although western media portray modern images of India as poverty striken and underdeveloped through political corruption, India was once the richest empire on earth.
07. The art of navigation was born in the river Sindh 5000 years ago. The very word “Navigation” is derived from the Sanskrit word NAVGATIH.
08. The value of pi was first calculated by Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is now known as the Pythagorean Theorem. British scholars have last year (1999) officially published that Budhayan’s works dates to the 6th Century, which is long before the European mathematicians.
09. Algebra, trigonometry and calculus came from India. Quadratic equations were by Sridharacharya in the 11th Century; the largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Indians used numbers as big as 1053.
10. According to the Gemmological Institute of America, up until 1896, India was the only source of diamonds to the world.
11. USA based IEEE has proved what has been a century-old
suspicion amongst academics that the pioneer of wireless communication was Professor Jagdeesh Bose and not Marconi.
12. The earliest reservoir and dam for irrigation was built in Saurashtra.
13. Chess was invented in India.
14. Sushruta is the father of surgery. 2600 years ago he and health scientists of his time conducted surgeries like cesareans, cataract, fractures and urinary stones. Usage of anaesthesia was well known in ancient India.
15. When many cultures in the world were only nomadic forest dwellers over 5000 years ago, Indians established Harappan culture in Sindhu Valley (Indus Valley Civilisation).
16. The place value system, the decimal system was developed in India in 100 BC.

“We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made.”
Albert Einstein
“India is the cradle of the human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of legend and the great grand mother of tradition.
Mark Twain
“If there is one place on the face of earth where all dreams of living men have found a home from the very earliest days when man began the dream of existence, it is India.
French scholar Romain Rolland
“India conquered and dominated China culturally for 20 centuries without ever having to send a single soldier across her border.
Hu Shih (Former Chinese ambassador to USA)

if we don’t see even a glimpse of that great India in the India that we see today, it clearly means that we are not working up to our potential; and that if we do, we could once again be an ever shining and inspiring country setting a bright path for rest of the world to follow. I hope you enjoyed it and work towards the welfare of INDIA.
 

Places to Visit

There are thousands of places to see in India and in Gujarat it self. Here are some of the popular places…
Dwarka
DwarkaOn the extreme western tip of the Kathiawar; peninsula, Dwarka is one of the four most holy Hindu pilgrimage sites in India and is closely related to Shree Krishna.
It was here that Shree Krishna set up his capital after fleeing from Mathura. Dwarkanath, the name of the main temple here, is dedicated to Shree Krishna.


Somnath
Somnath Temple The Somnath in the Prabhas Kshetra in Saurashtra,on the western cost of Gujarat is one of the twelve Jyotirlings that are most scared to the Hindus. It is as old as creation and its reference is available in Rig Ved also.
The Somnath is known as the Shrine Eternal as it has withstood the shocks of time and the attacks of the distroyers. It has risen like a phoenix each time it was destroyed or desecrated. The present temple is the seventh temple built on the original site.


Diu FortDiu
Diu is a beautiful blend of sun, sand and sea. It is an island retreat gently rocked by the wind and the wave from the Arabian Sea. It offers you undisturbed peace and an unusual holiday.
Diu a former Portuguese enclave, and now a Union Territory is steeped in history. It was a sea-port and naval base of considerable strategic importance from the 14th-16th centuries. It has also been a vital trade link with the rest of India for traders overseas. Diu was under the sway of Chanda and Vaghela dynasties till the 14th Century. The Muslim rulers ruled over the island town till 1380 AD. Then came the mighty wave of invasion of the foreign rule that lasted for 450 years.


Temples at Mount AbuMount Abu
The only hill station in Rajasthan, Mount Abu huddles among the rocks on a 1,220-m granite table mountain at the far southwestern end of the Aravalli hills.
It is built around a lake and is surrounded by forested hills. According to a legend, the place derives its name from Arbuda, a serpent who descended to the spot to rescue Shiva’s bull, Nandi. Besides having all the features of a pleasant hill resort. 

Passport and Visa Information

Indian Passport

Travel Information to India

 

In order for you to travel to another country, a Passport or travelling documents are required by law, along with the relevant visas for country of your destination.
Below are list of Indian Embassys.
 
 

Australia

Indian High Commission
3-5 Moonah Place,
Yarrelumla,
Canbera ACT 2600
Tel: 06-273 3999

Indian Consulate
Level 27, 25 Bligh Street, Sydney
NSW 2000
Tel: 02-223 9500
Indian Hon. Consulate
13 Monro Street,Coburg Melbourne VIC 3058
Tel: 03-384 0141
Indian Hon. Consulate
4th Floor, 195 Adelaide Tce.East Perth
Perth WA 6004
Tel: 09-221 1207

 

Brazil
India Embassy – Brazil
SHIS QI 09 CONJUNTO 09 CASA 07
CEP: 71625-090
Brasilia – Distrito Fedreal – Brazil
Tel: 061 – 2485496

 

Canada
High Commission of India,
10, Springfiled Road, Ottawa
Ontario-KIM 1 C9, Canada
Tel: 00-1-613-7443751, 7443752, 7443753
Fax 00-1-613-7440913
Consulate General of India,
Suite 500, 2 Bloor Street West Toronto-Ontario,
Canada M4W 3 E2
Tel: 00-1-416-9600751, 9600752, 9606253
Fax: 00-1-416-9609812
Consulate General of India,
325, Howe Street, 2nd Floor Vancouver B.C.
Canada V6C 1Z7
Tel 00-1-604-6628811, 6828435Fax 00-1-604-6822471

 

China
Embassy of India
Tel: (86 10)6532 3127
Fax:(86 10)6532 4684
mailto:20comeoich@public3.bta.net.cn

 

Canada
Embassy of India
Zagreb Croatia
Tel: +385 ( 01) 430 063
Fax: +385 ( 01)436 143
mailto:embassy.india@zg.tel.hr

 

Germany
Embassy of India
Baunscheidtstrasse 7, 53113 Bonn,Germany
Tel:+49-228-5 40 51 61
Fax: +49-228-5 38 72 45
mailto:Email:20cst@essente-eoi.bn.shuttle.de

 

Greece
Embassy of India
3,Kleanthous Street, 106 74 Athens, Greece
Tel: 721-6227 , 721-6481
Fax: 721-1252

 

Hong Kong
Consulate General of India
504, 5th Floor Admiralty Centre Tower-1
18 Harcourt Road, Hong Kong
mailto:Email:20comind1@hk.super.net

 

Israel
Embassy of India
Tel Aviv, Israel
Tel: +972 – 3 – 510 1431
Fax: +972 – 3 – 510 1434
mailto:Email:20indemtel@netvision.net.il

 

Nepal
Embassy Of India
P.B.No. 292, Lazimpat
Kathmandu, Nepal
Tel :410900, 414990, 411940, 414913, 411699, 423190, 411466
Telex: 0891-2449 Indem NP
mailto:Email:20indemb@mos.com.np

 

Netherlands
Buitenrustweg 2
2517 KD Den Haag
The Netherlands
Tel: 070-3469771

 

Peru
Embassy of India
Av. Salaverry 3006
Magdalena del MarLima 17, Perú
Tel :(00-51-1) 460-2289, (00-51-1) 261-6006
Fax :(00-51-1) 461-0374
mailto:20postmaster@indoperu.org.pe

 

Russian Federation
Embassy of India
6-8 Vorontsovo Polye
109840 MoscowRussian Federation
Phone:(7-095) – 9171841
Fax: (7-095)- 9752337
mailto:20indembas@rseneubh.msk.ru

 

Singapore
Indian High Commission
31, Grange Road, Singapore 239702
Phone +65-7376777
Fax +65-7326909
mailto:20hcifsc@pacific.net.sg

 

UK
High Commission of India
India House
Aldwych
London, WC2B 4NA, UK
Tel: 0891 444544
Switchboard:- 020 78368484
 
Consulate General of India
The Spencers 20 Augusta Street,
Jewellery Quarters
Hockley,
Birmingham, B18 6JL, UK
TEL: 0121 212 2782
FAX: 0121 212 2786

 

USA
Embassy Of India
2536 Massachusetts Ave. NW
Washington DC 20008
Tel: 202-939-7000/9839
 
Consulate General Of India
3 East 64 Street,
New York, NY 10021
Tel: 212-774-0600
Fax: 212-570-9581
Consulate General Of India,
455 North City Front Plaza Drive,
NBC Tower Bldg, Suite 850,
Chicago, IL 60611
Tel: 312-595-0405
Consulate General of India
1990 Post Oak Blvd.
Houston, TX 77056
Tel: 713-626-2148

Gujarat

Map of Gujarat State, India

Map of Gujarat State, India

 

The State is situated in Western part of India and is surrounded by Rajasthan in the North, Maharashtra in the South, Arabian Sea in the West, Border of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh in the East.
 

State Capital Gandhinagar
Area of the State
Population 41,309,582
Male Population 21,355,209
Female Population 19,954,373
Principal Languages Gujarati
Urbanisation rate 34.49%
Literacy Rate 61.29 %
Temperatures Maximum: 45.5C during May
Minimum: 1.5C during January
Average Annual Precipitation 653 mm
Minerals with abundant supply are Bauxite Limestone, Lignite,Crude Oil & Natural Gas, Calcite, Dolomite.
Minerals with moderate supply are China Clay, Silica, Flourspar, Choke, Fire Clay.
The major soil type in the State are saline, plain and rocky.
Water Number of Canals : Nil (private) Number of Wells : 0.66
Forest Area under forest cover 19379.20 sq. km (1990-91)
Total 16.95 million
Male working 11.56 million.
Female working 5.39 million.
Agriculture & Allied Activities 56.44%
Trade 2.18%
Manufacturing & Others 41.38%
State Domestic Product Rs. 322400 million (1992-93)
Product Income Realised From Primary Sector : Rs. 1,830 million 28.6% Secondary Sector : Rs. 8,191 million 30.8%
Tertiary Sector : Rs. 10,512 million 39.6%
Railway Total Railway track length : 5287 Kms.
Number of Railway Stations : 792
Road Total road network : 68244 Kms.
National Highway : 1573 Kms.
International Airports Ahmedabad
Domestic Airports Ahmedabad, Baroda, Surat, Rajkot, Jamnagar, Porbandar, Bhavnagar, Keshod, Bhuj,Kandla and Deesa
Sea Major Sea Ports in the State : Kandla
Number of minor sea ports are : 39

Republic of India – Bharat

India Flag

Flag of Republic of Bharat (India)

Many writers have described India as not a country but a continent. India is a huge land mass, that has a range of different climates and people, ranging from extreme cold – Himalayan mountain range to arid deserts of Rajeshthan.

There’s not enough space write everything about India but here are some basic information that you may find useful.

Official Name Bharat (Republic of India)
Capital New Delhi
Flag The colors of the Indian flag were taken from the flag of the Indian National Congress. Dark orange represents courage and sacrifice. Green represents faith, fertility, and chivalry. White represents truth and peace. The emblem in the middle is the Ashok chakra created by Ashoka the Great.
Anthem “Jana gana mana” (“Thou Art the Ruler)
Currency

Indian Rupee 
83 Indian Rupee = 1 Pound Sterling 

Government Federal Republic
Head of State President Elected by an electoral college to a five-year term Head of Government Prime minister Appointed by the president Legislature Bicameral legislature Lok Sabha (House of the People) 545 members Rajya Sabha (Council of States) 245 members Voting Qualifications Universal suffrage for all citizens age 18 and older Highest Court Supreme Court.
Map of India

Map of India

Area 3,165,596 sq km (1,222,243 sq mi)
Highest Point Kanchenjunga 8598 m (28,209 ft) above sea level
Lowest Point Sea level along the coast
 
Average Temperatures

January 14°

July 32° C 

January 24° C

July 27° C 

Average Annual Precipitation 640 mm (25 in) 1810 mm (71 in)
Population 1.25 Billion
Largest Cities Mumbai9,925,891 – Delhi 7,206,704 – Calcutta4,399,819 (1991 census)
Official Languages Hindi, English
Other Languages Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu; many other languages and dialects
Hinduism 78.4%
Islam 14.6%
Sikhism 4%
Christianity 2%
Buddhism and Jainism 1%
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) $1.85 trillion
Chief Economic Products Agriculture
Sugarcane, rice, wheat, tea, cotton, jute, vegetables, melons, sorghum, millet, cashews, coffee, spices, livestock Fishing Shrimps and prawns, croakers, Indian oil sardines, Bombay ducks, anchovies, Indian mackerel, marine catfish Mining Iron ore, coal, bauxite, manganese, mica, dolomite, copper, petroleum, natural gas, chromium, lead, limestone, phosphate rock, zinc, gold, silver Manufacturing Textiles, iron and steel, processed agricultural products, machinery, transportation equipment, nonferrous metals, fertilizer, refined petroleum, chemicals, computer software

Employment

64%Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing 20%Services 16%Industry Major Exports
Gems and jewelry, engineering goods, garments, chemicals and pharmaceuticals, cotton yarn and fabrics, leather and leather goods, marine products, iron ore, tea, vegetables and fruit, petroleum products, handmade carpets.

Major Imports

Petroleum and petroleum products, nonelectric machinery, precious and semiprecious stones, inorganic chemicals, iron and steel, fertilizers, electrical machinery, resins and plastics.

Foreign Relations

Russia, Israel, China, USA, Iran, UK, Singapore.

The Indian Armed Forces have kept close relations with Russia and Israel buying the majority of weapons from these two countries. The relations with USA continue to warm as both countries fight against terror.

India is a part of the UN and the Non-Aligned Movement. 

1,325,000 Total Armed Forces
2,142,821 Total Reservists 

Education
Major Universities and Colleges 

University of Bombay
University of Calcutta
University of Madras, Chennai 
University of Delhi